潜力巨大的气泡

床垫、金属车身和巧克力慕斯有何共同之处？答案是它们都能由泡沫制成。这种用泡沫填充的材料究竟有何特别之处，能凭以成为未来的产品？

无论是用于保温隔热、软垫家具填充物或者飞机制造，泡沫材料的敞开式蜂窝状表面结构使得材料本身具有良好的应用灵活性。

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由上而下的静谧：巴塞罗那的Barceló Raval设计酒店采用了巴数特® 材料制成的消音装置，改善了客房的隔音性。

Björn Braunschweig博士即使在晚上也不容易全然放松身心。他是德国埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希·亚历山大大学（FAU）先进材料卓越工程中心小组的研究员，当他在下班后想好好享用一杯啤酒的时候，甚至也会忍不住研究起杯子里的泡沫——为什么巴伐利亚本地啤酒的气泡比健力士黑啤更大而且冒得更快呢？“健力士黑啤的泡沫之所以更加稳定，是因为在啤酒碳酸化过程中添加的氮气比德国生啤使用的二氧化碳更难溶于水。”Braunschweig解释道。这名而立之年的科学家对于泡沫材料颇为精通：2014年，他获得欧洲研究委员会专门为新锐科研领头人提供的金额达150万欧元的启动资金，用于一项与泡沫材料相关的五年基础研究计划。

泡沫的奇妙功能

泡沫能在诸多材料中脱颖而出，得到研发经费，看似有些出人意料。但实际上，泡沫是一种前景光明的多功能材料。举例而言，Styrodur® 不仅可用于保温隔热，还能减少地震对建筑物产生的应力，从而使得规划师更有信心在地震活跃区从事房屋建造；如果慢跑时穿着采用巴斯夫发泡颗粒制成的跑鞋，人们会更省力，这是因为这种采用动力学设计的鞋底可以在受到冲击后立即回复原状；即使在睡梦中，人们也能享受聚氨酯泡沫带来的好处，因为采用这种材料制成的床垫和枕头可提供乳胶床垫才能提供的高弹性，而前者具有更佳的透气性和持久性。

Braunschweig说：“泡沫材料的市场前景广阔。气泡使材料更轻盈，而且泡沫具有极佳的可塑性。”如果将泡沫材料应用于轻量化的车身结构，可确保在车身刚性与重量之间取得最佳平衡。采用泡沫金属材料制成的车身，初看具有跟传统材料车身相同的硬度。但是发生汽车碰撞事故时，泡沫车身并不会破裂和分离。而是会发生塑性变形（类似于气囊），从而吸收冲击能量。

为了创造具备特殊性能的泡沫材料，研究人员需要了解与之相关的各个方面——从最小的分子到气泡本身。每个泡沫之间的界面，也就是气体和液体或者气体和固体接触的部分，尤为重要。是什么分子成分使该表面保持稳定？界面处的分子存在何种相互作用？

在北京，采用泡沫材料制成的面板使得游泳馆内部隔音材料不仅安全并且环保。

研究人员越了解这些问题，他们就更接近于建立一个“分子工具箱”的目标，从而更好地把握和预测泡沫材料的性能。

“智能泡沫材料”代表着未来的趋势。这种泡沫材料会因外部刺激（例如光）而改变自身特性。Braunschweig认为这种特性对于自恢复型泡沫材料具有重要意义。对于自恢复型泡沫材料而言，气泡表面可移动的分子使其能在负压条件下扩张，并临时封闭泡沫结构中任何“受损”的细胞。智能泡沫材料对于保温隔热材料的回收也有益处。Braunschweig说：“如果不再需要使用泡沫材料，只需将其分解即可。分解后的材料只有原始体积的千分之一，获取其中的化学成分也更容易。

“打”出美味佳肴

食品业则对泡沫的其他特性饶有兴趣。“他们希望使用泡沫来维持食品在保质期内的品质。”埃尔兰根研究机构的研究员表示。泡沫拥有比传统食品更强烈的香味，这也是食品业对其抱有极大兴趣的另一个原因。气泡让食品具有更大的表面积，从而能在较短时间内散发更多香味。对于注重饮食健康的人士而言，泡沫也具有吸引力，因为它们通常卡路里更低。

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The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

First course: Cocktail au Champagne

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Second course: Curry Foam Soup

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Third course: Smoked Salmon

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

潜力巨大的气泡

床垫、金属车身和巧克力慕斯有何共同之处？答案是它们都能由泡沫制成。这种用泡沫填充的材料究竟有何特别之处，能凭以成为未来的产品？

阅读更多

泡沫的奇妙功能

Foam: the material with potential for the future. Foam expert Prof. Björn Braunschweig and BASF foam specialist Dr. Heinz-Dieter Lutter reveal foam’s fascinating range of uses and possibilities.

A heart, a peacock, a flower… Imagination knows no limits when barista Pablo Fuchs creates works of art out of foamed milk on delicious coffee for his favorite discipline, latte art.

Do soap bubbles last forever in the weightlessness of space? This exciting question posed by two young researchers is answered by none other than the german astronaut Alexander Gerst on board the International Space Station.

A true BASF film classic from 1963. It tells the story of one of the most remarkable materials of our time: Styropor.

... revolutionizes adidas running shoes. Energy, step by step. With the adidas Boost^TM running shoe, the impact of jogging is no longer wasted – it is returned to the runner. A new technology developed by BASF and adidas makes it all possible.

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

First course: Cocktail au Champagne

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Second course: Curry Foam Soup

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Third course: Smoked Salmon

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Fourth course: Lemon Meringue Pie

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潜力巨大的气泡

床垫、金属车身和巧克力慕斯有何共同之处？答案是它们都能由泡沫制成。这种用泡沫填充的材料究竟有何特别之处，能凭以成为未来的产品？

阅读更多

泡沫的奇妙功能

Foam: the material with potential for the future. Foam expert Prof. Björn Braunschweig and BASF foam specialist Dr. Heinz-Dieter Lutter reveal foam’s fascinating range of uses and possibilities.

A heart, a peacock, a flower… Imagination knows no limits when barista Pablo Fuchs creates works of art out of foamed milk on delicious coffee for his favorite discipline, latte art.

Do soap bubbles last forever in the weightlessness of space? This exciting question posed by two young researchers is answered by none other than the german astronaut Alexander Gerst on board the International Space Station.

A true BASF film classic from 1963. It tells the story of one of the most remarkable materials of our time: Styropor.

... revolutionizes adidas running shoes. Energy, step by step. With the adidas BoostTM running shoe, the impact of jogging is no longer wasted – it is returned to the runner. A new technology developed by BASF and adidas makes it all possible.

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

First course: Cocktail au Champagne

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Second course: Curry Foam Soup

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Third course: Smoked Salmon

The Berlin-based food blogger Ariane Bille and Karl-Hermann Franck, BASF’s top chef and head of restaurant & hotel services, whip up a four-course meal out of foam. Watch. Cook. Enjoy.

Fourth course: Lemon Meringue Pie

相关话题

... revolutionizes adidas running shoes. Energy, step by step. With the adidas Boost^TM running shoe, the impact of jogging is no longer wasted – it is returned to the runner. A new technology developed by BASF and adidas makes it all possible.